Counseling Persons With Communication Disorders and Their Families

• 3 Types of Personality Disorders
  • What Are Personality Disorders?
• Symptoms
  • What Are Symptoms of Personality Disorders?
• Causes
  • What Causes Personality Disorders?
• Diagnosis
  • How Are Personality Disorders Diagnosed?
• Treatment
  • What Is the Treatment for Personality Disorders?
• Complications
  • What Are Complications of Personality Disorders?
• Guide
  • What Are the Iii Types of Personality Disorders? Topic Guide

What Are Personality Disorders?

Personality disorders are mental and behavioral issues that are then astringent they impair the person's performance in work and relationships. At that place are three chief groups, each with different specific disorders every bit subtypes.

A personality disorder is a blazon of mental disorder that describes personality traits then inflexible and maladaptive they impair one'south thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Thoughts, displays of emotion, impulsiveness, and interpersonal behavior must deviate significantly from the expectations of an individual'southward culture in society to exist diagnosed with a personality disorder.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) groups the 10 personality disorders into three clusters based upon descriptive similarities:

• Cluster A characteristics: Individuals may announced odd and eccentric
  • Paranoid personality disorder
  • Schizoid personality disorder
  • Schizotypal personality disorder
• Cluster B characteristics: Individuals often announced dramatic, emotional, or erratic
  • Antisocial personality disorder
  • Borderline personality disorder
  • Histrionic personality disorder
  • Narcissistic personality disorder
• Cluster C characteristics: Individuals frequently appear anxious or fearful
  • Avoidant personality disorder
  • Dependent personality disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (this is not the same as obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD)

What Are Symptoms of Personality Disorders?

Personality disorders develop over time. Symptoms of a personality disorder tin can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Frequent mood swings
• Angry outbursts
• Social anxiety and difficulty making friends
• Need to exist the center of attention
• Feeling of being taken advantage of
• Impulsivity/difficulty delaying gratification
• Not feeling in that location is anything wrong with one's behavior
• Blaming the world for 1'southward behaviors and feelings

Specific symptoms of individual personality disorders include:

• Paranoid: Distrust and suspiciousness of others and interpreting motives as vindictive or unkind, assumption people will harm or deceive them, will not confide in others or get close to them
• Schizoid: Disengagement from social relationships, restricted range of expression of emotions with others, does not seek shut relationships, chooses to be alone, does non announced to care nearly praise or criticism from others
• Schizotypal: Social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships likewise as past cognitive or perceptual distortions, eccentric behavior, odd behavior, peculiar behavior or speech, excessive social feet
• Antisocial: Disregarding and violating the rights of others, not conforming to social norms, lying and deception, stealing, impulsivity, defaulting on debts, neglecting children
• Borderline: Instability in interpersonal relationships, poor self-image, intense emotions, and poor impulse control, suicide attempts, inappropriate intense anger, feelings of emptiness
• Histrionic: quickly shifting or exaggerated emotions, attention seeking, discomfort when not the heart of attention
• Narcissistic: Grandiosity (in fantasy or beliefs), demand for admiration, lack of empathy, sense of entitlement, takes reward of others
• Avoidant: Social inhibition, farthermost shyness, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to criticism, unwillingness to become involved with others unless they are certain they volition be liked, preoccupation with being rejected, seeing themselves equally not good enough
• Dependent: Feelings of inadequacy, disability to make own decisions, submissiveness, clingy behavior, need to be taken care of, avoidance of confrontation for fear of losing source of support, difficulty making daily decisions without reassurance
• Obsessive-compulsive: Preoccupation with perfectionism, mental and control, and orderliness, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency; excessive focus on details, works excessively without allowing time for leisure or friends, inflexibility in morality and values

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What Causes Personality Disorders?

Personality disorders may exist caused by:

• Genetics
  • Family history of mental disease
• Environment
  • Childhood trauma
  • Exact abuse in childhood
• High reactivity (being overly sensitive)

How Are Personality Disorders Diagnosed?

Personality disorders are diagnosed by mental health professionals and are generally non diagnosed until a person is over age 18, because personalities are still developing.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-five) outlines specific criteria patients must meet in order to be diagnosed, including:

1. An enduring design of inner experience and beliefs that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual'due south culture. This pattern is manifested in 2 (or more) of the following areas:
   1. Cognition (i.e., means of perceiving and interpreting self, other people, and events)
   2. Affectivity (i.e., the range, intensity, lability, and ceremoniousness of emotional response)
   3. Interpersonal performance
   4. Impulse control
2. The enduring pattern is inflexible and pervasive beyond a broad range of personal and social situations.
3. The enduring pattern leads to clinically meaning distress or harm in social, occupational, or other of import areas of functioning.
4. The blueprint is stable and of long duration, and its onset can be traced dorsum at least to boyhood or early adulthood.
5. The enduring pattern is not meliorate explained as a manifestation or issue of some other mental disorder.
6. The enduring pattern is non owing to the physiological effects of a substance (east.1000., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical status (e.chiliad., head trauma).

The DSM-five also includes diagnostic criteria for each of the individual personality disorders.

What Is the Treatment for Personality Disorders?

Treatment for personality disorders includes:

• Private psychotherapy: a showtime-line treatment
• Support groups
• Medication: generally used as an adjunct handling to psychotherapy
• Patient self-instruction
• Substance utilise disorder treatment as needed
• Hospitalization as needed

What Are Complications of Personality Disorders?

Complications of personality disorders include:

• Difficulty in interpersonal relationships
• Issues at work or school
• Social isolation
• Booze and drug abuse
• Suicide attempts

From

Reviewed on 11/4/2020

References

clarkthichilvery.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/what_are_the_three_types_of_personality_disorders/article_em.htm

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